Plurality voting is simple and familiar, but has many disadvantages that result in it often being non-representative of the people's will in any election with more than two candidates. Many feel that it is seriously flawed and systemically reinforces a rigid two-party system with all the accompanying problems such as vote splitting and tactical voting.
Approval Voting uses the same ballot as Plurality, but allows voters to support multiple candidates. It is promoted by The Center for Election Science which wrote Ten Critiques and Defenses of Approval Voting.
STAR Voting combines scoring and ranking. The two highest scoring candidates are finalists and the finalist preferred by the majority wins. STAR Voting is promoted by the Equal Vote Coalition which wrote about The Science of voting.
Ranked Choice Voting ranks candidates in order of preference. It is promoted by FairVote which wrote about how STAR, Approval and Ranked Choice voting share a common goal: democratic reform.